The deviance of 2 as well as the milder deviance of 3 is typically analyzed as an intervention effect, to be captured by relativized minimality rizzi, 1990 or the corresponding derivational principles introduced in different versions of minimalist syntax, the minimal link condition chomsky, 1995, or minimal search chomsky, 2000, chomsky, 2007. The goal of this article is to explore the utility of experimental syntax techniques in the investigation of syntactic variation. It is argued that relativized minimality rm, rizzi 1990 and starke. This paper will address two issues concerning smuggling. Relativized minimality rizzi, 1990 or the corresponding derivational. Rizzi 1990 y starke 2001, entre otros es una propiedad gramatical. This principle, known as relativized minimality, was introduced by rizzi 1990 as a way of accounting for locality conditions on movement. Comprehension of relative clauses by l2 learners of english. Rizzi is currently a full professor at the university of siena in italy.
I will also assume the multispec theory chomsky 1993 and assume that the core functional categories cfcs consist of v, c, and t only chomsky 2000, boeckx 2008. It offers a new characterization of locality in the theory of government through a relativization of the minimality principle, and it explores the consequences of this approach for the empty category principle and the. Relativized minimality linguistic inquiry monographs. This is a familiar relativized minimality effect rizzi, 1990. Relativized minimality and binding condition are not any more violated. Relativized minimality linguistic inquiry monographs linguistic inquiry monographs 16 volume 16.
In an extension of rm, friedmann, belletti, and rizzi suggested that lexical np restriction is the. Under all these assumptions, languages differ only in the lexicon. Featural relativized minimality while in previous systems the contrast between 2 and 3 was addressed by assuming that whelements like which problem can use nonlocal devices connecting them to their traces rizzi, 1990 assumed the possibility of a nonlocal binding. If focus is always interpreted insitu, due to relativized minimality rizzi 1990 and focus intervening effects beck 2006, d will be checked by only, yielding gtrivialities. The goal of this chapter is to provide a new, refined formal. Luigi rizzi is professor of linguistics at the university of siena in italy. Locality constraints relativized minimality relativized minimality original version, rizzi 1990. Anagnostopoulou fox advanced syntax, spring 2007 weak islands and relativized minimality 1. Established in 1962, the mit press is one of the largest and most distinguished university presses in the world and a leading publisher of books and journals at the intersection of science, technology, art, social science, and design. Relativized minimality and pronoun incorporation jstor. Frontiers child relativized minimality and grammaticality. On relativized minimality, memory and cuebased parsing1.
A local relation cannot hold between x and y when z intervenes, and z is somehow a potential candidate for the local relation. Ecp effects, xpbarriers and minimality barriers recall two types of ecp effects. Minimality effects in syntax by arthur stepanov overdrive. Here t2 cannot be antecedentgoverned by how, resulting in an ecp violation, because the projection of the n0head plan serves as a minimality barrier. The asymmetries classes of features local actions on phrases by heads. Rizzi 1987 proposes that the antecedent government of traces is subject to a relativized minimality condition. Jeanroger vergnauds open letter to chomsky in april i977 was an important, although often unappreciated, event in the emergence of the governmentbinding approach to.
In rizzi 2004, this point was addressed building on starke 2001 through the proposal that, in the calculation of intervention, rm takes into account morphosyntactic features defining syntactic positions the approach is then sometimes referred to as featural relativized minimality,orfrm. Deriving locality constraints in the minimalist program. The most influential version of minimality has been what rizzi 1990 calls. It will no doubt have influence far beyond linguistics, anthropology and psychology, and even beyond academia. Incontrast,lessattentionhasbeen paid to the minimality pattern in 2. Relativized minimality can be defined as follows rizzi 1990.
The volume is a collection of 12 papers which focus on empirical and theoretical issues associated with syntactic phenomena falling under the rubric of relativized minimality rizzi 1990 or, in more recent terms, minimal link condition mlc, chomsky 1995. September 2018 on smuggling, the freezing ban, labels, and. The following diagram might help to make clear how the principle works. Relativized minimality linguistic inquiry monographs linguistic inquiry monographs 16 volume 16 rizzi, luigi on. Whyi did you wonder whether i bought the book ti b. As the above description of the smuggling situation indicates, smuggling typically involves movement out of a moved element, which is traditionally assumed to be disallowedhe ban on m. Howi did you wonder whether i bought the book ti c. Careful comparison of ascrambling and overt whmovement in a language that shows both russian reveals that this seemingly paradoxical behavior can be captured effectively in a probegoal theory of scrambling that obeys a form of relativized minimality defined across feature classes, following rizzi 2004. Luigi rizzi, with whom i took my first linguistic course and who has been my ma supervisor. Following the approach of relativized minimality rm rizzi, 1990 to constraint movement, in a configuration like 1, x and y fail to relate if z, the intervener, which is structurally closer to x, can act as its antecedent because of its featural configuration. At an intuitive level, his idea is that the closest. Relativized minimality and the extended peeking principle. Multispec, relativized minimality and movement in mandarin.
Pdf on relativized minimality, memory and cuebased parsing. Relativized minimality and the cartography of structural positions. This pattern of minimality has also been described under banners such as relativized minimality rizzi 1990, shortest move, minimallink,closestattractchomsky1992,1995, etseq. A way to adjudicate between these approaches is to test for features that may affect the dissimilarity of two dps in an intuitive sense but which do not function as attractors, hence do not invoke an application of relativized minimality. Syntax of headfinal relative clauses the case of turkish. Before moving to siena, rizzi was a full professor at the university of geneva. Luigi rizzi born june 3, 1952 in genoa is an italian linguist. The minimality analysis also applies to the cnpc of the nouncomplement type. Intervention effects in grammar and language acquisition. The children were asked to point at the picture or at the scenario that matched the sentence. Covert whfocus movement obeys derivational relativized. It is argued that relativized minimality rm, rizzi 1990 and starke 2001, a.
It provides a long needed jumpstart for theoretical linguistics as well as providing the general public with an innovative and wellreasoned approach to language and how it carne to be. Specifically, here we follow rizzi 1997 in assuming that criterial heads in the cpvp edge are amalgamated into a. These findings have been interpreted within the relativized minimality rm approach, according to which local relations cannot be established between two terms of a dependency if an intervening element possesses similar morphosyntactic features. He studied at the scuola normale superiore, the university of pisa and the university of paris viii. Exploring an interpretation of rizzis 1990 relativized minimality within the agreebased system, i will show that not only do the empirical problems not arise, but we may also find a rationale for why the language faculty has an odd creature such as the eppfeature. The adult grammar permits extraction of an object over an intervening np provided that the intervenor has a distinct feature specification. This is because most of the problems with headfinal rcs on a kaynean account are created by the movement of ip into the specdp position, as in 5. X antecedentgoverns y only if there is no z such that i and ii hold. With the advent of relativized minimality rizzi 1990, however, an ever growing variety of weak islands has come to be recognized. A general way to express both these restrictions is to claim that a moving element cannot move over the top of a like element. Experimental syntax and the variation of island effects in.
It starts from the widely shared assumption that there are two fundamentally different types of movement. This movement, for which there seems to be no clear independent evidence, is an additional movement in headfinal rcs. The central ecprelated proposal that rizzi 1990 makes is to relativize minimality so that government is blocked only when competing governors match in some way, e. In rizzi 1990 the concept of minimality is relativized, so that government is only blocked by an intermediate governor of the same kind rather than by any intermediate head, as in i.
Concomitantly, theories of weak islands have mushroomed, each typically coming with a significant set of novel data and important new links to other domains of inquiry. Towards a relativized concept of cyclic linearization. Jeanroger vergnauds open letter to chomsky in april i977 was an important, although often unappreciated, event in the emergence of the governmentbinding approach to syntactic theory. Relativized minimality effects the handbook of contemporary. Authors personal copy in the sentencescenario matching task, two scenarios were presented by the experimenter, one of which matched the sentence and the other involved a reversal of the two arguments as shown infig. This monograph presents an important extension of governmentbinding theory in syntax. Exploring an interpretation of rizzi s 1990 relativized minimality within the agreebased system, i will show that not only do the empirical problems not arise, but we may also find a rationale for why the language faculty has an odd creature such as the eppfeature. The features of x should not be a subset of the features of z. Implicit arguments and relativized minimality dimitris. I argue that the genneg arises as a result of the head of the negation phrase blocking structuralcase licensing from above. Introduction the subject matter of relativized minimality henceforth rm is the general theory of movement. The theory of locality is a major topic of generative grammar, and the discovery of locality principles has enriched the scientific debate of precise details on linguistic computations, providing critical evidence on how the brain computes structures, and raising fundamental questions on the generality or task specificity of computational principles embodied in language. Head movement may not cross a filled head position what can be simplified once relativized minimality is assumed i.